Primordial black holes from an electroweak phase transition

ZnO films prepared on glass substrates at T = 80 °C ± 3 using the chemical bath deposition technical. The precursor solutions was KOH (0.5 M), NH4NO3 (1.5 M) three different Zn(NO3)2 (0.2 M, 0.3 0.4 concentration. morphology is investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and images shows porous matrix with cavities of size, javelin tretrap. According to XRD diffractograms, all nanocrystals present hexagonal crystalline phase grain size ∼33.4 nm, ∼36.5 nm ∼34.2 nm. samples typical stress in these films. Absorbance spectrum exhibits a characteristic band nanocrystals, gap energy shift range ∼3.7–3.8 eV associated decreasing as well quantum confinement effect this case nanocrystalline material. Photoluminescence bands, existence interstices vacancies oxygen Zinc respectively. Analysis reactions performed Nernst equation quantify changes ΔG° predict spontaneity reactions.